A Framework for the Specificity of Addictions

Author: Sussman Steve   Leventhal Adam   Bluthenthal Ricky N.   Freimuth Marilyn   Forster Myriam   Ames Susan L.  

Publisher: MDPI

E-ISSN: 1660-4601|8|8|3399-3415

ISSN: 1660-4601

Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol.8, Iss.8, 2011-08, pp. : 3399-3415

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Abstract

Research over the last two decades suggests that a wide range of substance and behavioral addictions may serve similar functions. Yet, co-occurrence of addictions has only been reported among a minority of addicts. “Addiction specificity” pertains to a phenomenon in which one pattern of addictive behaviors may be acquired whereas another is not. This paper presents the PACE model as a framework which might help explain addiction specificity. Pragmatics, attraction, communication, and expectation (PACE) variables are described, which may help give some direction to future research needs in this arena.

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