Author： Breen Michael S. Burke Janet M. Batterman Stuart A. Vette Alan F. Godwin Christopher Croghan Carry W. Schultz Bradley D. Long Thomas C.
Publisher： MDPI
E-ISSN： 1660-4601|11|11|11481-11504
ISSN： 1660-4601
Source： International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol.11, Iss.11, 2014-11, pp. : 11481-11504
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Abstract
Air pollution health studies often use outdoor concentrations as exposure surrogates. Failure to account for variability of residential infiltration of outdoor pollutants can induce exposure errors and lead to bias and incorrect confidence intervals in health effect estimates. The residential air exchange rate (AER), which is the rate of exchange of indoor air with outdoor air, is an important determinant for house-to-house (spatial) and temporal variations of air pollution infiltration. Our goal was to evaluate and apply mechanistic models to predict AERs for 213 homes in the Near-Road Exposures and Effects of Urban Air Pollutants Study (NEXUS), a cohort study of traffic-related air pollution exposures and respiratory effects in asthmatic children living near major roads in Detroit, Michigan. We used a previously developed model (LBL), which predicts AER from meteorology and questionnaire data on building characteristics related to air leakage, and an extended version of this model (LBLX) that includes natural ventilation from open windows. As a critical and novel aspect of our AER modeling approach, we performed a cross validation, which included both parameter estimation (
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