Vaccination against δ−Retroviruses: The Bovine Leukemia Virus Paradigm

Author: Gutiérrez Gerónimo   Rodríguez Sabrina M.   de Brogniez Alix   Gillet Nicolas   Golime Ramarao   Burny Arsène   Jaworski Juan-Pablo   Alvarez Irene   Vagnoni Lucas   Trono Karina   Willems Luc  

Publisher: MDPI

E-ISSN: 1999-4915|6|6|2416-2427

ISSN: 1999-4915

Source: Viruses, Vol.6, Iss.6, 2014-06, pp. : 2416-2427

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Abstract

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) are closely related δ-retroviruses that induce hematological diseases. HTLV-1 infects about 15 million people worldwide, mainly in subtropical areas. HTLV-1 induces a wide spectrum of diseases (e.g., HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) and leukemia/lymphoma (adult T-cell leukemia). Bovine leukemia virus is a major pathogen of cattle, causing important economic losses due to a reduction in production, export limitations and lymphoma-associated death. In the absence of satisfactory treatment for these diseases and besides the prevention of transmission, the best option to reduce the prevalence of δ-retroviruses is vaccination. Here, we provide an overview of the different vaccination strategies in the BLV model and outline key parameters required for vaccine efficacy.

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