Afterword

E-ISSN： 1558-5263|2017|79|67-73

ISSN： 0920-1297

Source： Focaal, Vol.2017, Iss.79, 2017-12, pp. : 67-73

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Abstract

Commoning over time generates customs in common and therefore commonalities.The political mobilizations of the past years may well be understood asa form of urban commoning. However, while such mobilizations may sometimesunderstand themselves as anticapitalist, one should resist the apparently logicalidea (1) that the use values off ered by an urban commons are inevitably the oppositeof surplus value, (2) that the urban commons will not just in theory but inpractice be “open for everyone,” (3) and that such commons are necessarily horizontalistand universalist, as the Left might claim. Historical fascism and the riseof the new Right in Europe and the United States show that there is an exclusivistand hierarchical commons against the market too.