Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Institutionalized HIV Positive and Non- HIV Positive Children and Adolescents between 3 To 17 Years of Age in Pune Maharashtra, India: A Comparative Study

Publisher: Jaypee Infomedia

E-ISSN: 2456-3196|1|4|40-46

ISSN: 2349-7319

Source: International Journal of Preventive & Clinical Dental Research, Vol.1, Iss.4, 2014-10, pp. : 40-46

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Abstract

AbstractINTRODUCTION: The HIV/AIDS pandemic is presently a human disaster, with tedious and painstaking implications for individuals, communities, and countries at large. In HIV-infected children the oral infections are more persistent and severe than the general paediatric population. These act as makers for immunological incompetence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 234 children and adolescents, between 3 to 17 years of age of which, 78 were HIV positive and 156 were Non- HIV positive. The cases and the controls were age and sex matched (1:2 ratio). The oral health of the participants was evaluated along with details of past medical and dental history, oral hygiene practices, deleterious habits, diet and sweet consumption. The oral hygiene of the participants was evaluated using the oral hygiene index simplified. RESULTS: There was more prevalence of dental caries among the cases than the controls and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.009). There was no statistically significant association between the CD4 count and dental caries (p=0.48). There were more controls with 4-5mm of loss of attachment (1.9%) compared to the cases. CONCLUSION: Health staff should be sensitized of this rising concern and provide additional training for counselling and intervention programmes like nicotine replacement therapy for the risk group patients.